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EffectofVagusNerveStimulationonElectroencephalogramSynchronization.pdf
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Abstract
Objectives: No reliable biomarkers exist for predicting and assessing the Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) response. While VNS induces acute electroencephalogram (EEG) desynchronization post-implantation, longitudinal evaluations of EEG synchronization changes are lacking. This study constitutes the first prospective investigation evaluating EEG synchronization before and after VNS implantation and correlating it with the clinical response to VNS. Materials and Methods: High-density EEG recordings were obtained from 12 adults with drug-resistant epilepsy before and after VNS implantation (1, 3, and 6 months). EEG resting state (180s), with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC), was recorded in VNS ON and OFF conditions. The global weighted Phase Lag Index (wPLI) was computed as an EEG phase-synchronization measure and correlated with the VNS response using various assessment methods: binary (more or less than 50% seizure frequency reduction), percentage of seizure reduction, and a newly developed Clinical-Research Response Scale (CRRS). Results: We observed a progressive decrease of wPLI in the delta band for the EC- VNS OFF condition, which correlated with the VNS response over time, particularly using the new CRRS compared to other assessment methods. Additionally, a higher pre-implant global wPLI predicted a better outcome to VNS, as did an early magnet response. Conclusion: Overall, VNS may positively influence specific brain states, with a time-dependent evolution of EEG synchronization reflecting therapeutic efficacy. Pre-implantation synchronization of the EEG and an early magnet response may predict VNS response. Moreover, the CRRS could constitute a more sensitive method for characterizing VNS response compared to traditional assessment methods.
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Danthine, V., Germany Morrison, E. I., Cottin, L., Liberati, G., Cakiroglu, I., Joris, V., Mouraux, A., Santalucia, R., Fierain, A., Vrielynck, P., Ferrao Santos, S., Nonclercq, A., & El Tahry, R. (2025). Effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Electroencephalogram Synchronization: A Longitudinal Study Using a Clinical-Research Response Scale. Neuromodulation. Published. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2025.03.068 (Original work published 2025)