Snow in the changing sea-ice systems

Webster, Melinda;Gerland, Sebastian;Holland, Marika;Hunke, Elizabeth;Sturm, Matthew;et.al.
(2018) Nature Climate Change — Vol. 8, n° 11, p. 946-953 (2018)

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Authors
  • Webster, Melindaorcid-logo1NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
    Author
  • Gerland, SebastianNorwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway
    Author
  • Holland, MarikaNational Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
    Author
  • Hunke, ElizabethFluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group T-3, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
    Author
  • Lecomte, OlivierUCLouvain
    Author
  • Sturm, MatthewUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
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Abstract
Snow is the most reflective, and also the most insulative, natural material on Earth. Consequently, it is an integral part of the sea-ice and climate systems. However, the spatial and temporal heterogeneities of snow pose challenges for observing, understanding and modelling those systems under anthropogenic warming. Here, we survey the snow–ice system, then provide recommendations for overcoming present challenges. These include: collecting process-oriented observations for model diagnostics and understanding snow–ice feedbacks, and improving our remote sensing capabilities of snow for monitoring large-scale changes in snow on sea ice. These efforts could be achieved through stronger coordination between the observational, remote sensing and modelling communities, and would pay dividends through distinct improvements in predictions of polar environments.
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Webster, M., Gerland, S., Holland, M., Hunke, E., Kwok, R., Lecomte, O., Massom, R., Perovich, D., & Sturm, M. (2018). Snow in the changing sea-ice systems. Nature Climate Change, 8(11), 946-953. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0286-7 (Original work published 2018)