Projets de développement agricole, dynamiques paysannes et sécurité alimentaire : essai d'analyse transversale et systémique de la rencontre entre les actions globales et les initiatives locales au Kasaï occidental/RDCongo
(2011)
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ThesegregoireNG_Introgenerale.pdf
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ThesegregoireNG_Premièrepartie.pdf
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ThesegregoireNG_Deuxièmepartie.pdf
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ThesegregoireNG_Troisièmepartie.pdf
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ThesegregoireNG_Conclusiongénérale.pdf
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- Abstract
- (en) The meeting between an agricultural development project and local farmers’ initiatives puts together two different worlds, the "developers", the "donors", the "experts" ... facing the "developed" the "assisted" the "ignorant" ... It bodes for a space of interaction and confrontation of multiple logics even divergent and contradictory. This research attempts to understand how different logic of actors confront in the frame of a development intervention in rural areas and why certain actions are able to positively influence the improvement of the living conditions of the peasant masses, while others stalled. Careful observation of associations in West Kasai reveals the mobilization of peasant populations, who are trying to ensure conditions of reproduction of village life, their survival, or improving their conditions of life, by organizing themselves into various structures. These dynamics become a real actors in the development arena of Western Kasai. They appear as bearers of a peasant way of development, more secure, sustainable, viable, fair and equitable. Given their number and the challenges they face, an effective fight against poverty and inequality can point on the horizon only if these dynamics are the priority and become the foundation and basis of any development policy. The data collected on the field allows confirming the concern of food and nutrition situation of the majority of the people of Western Kasai. Several factors linked to both the physical and social environment and to the organization and management of public affairs and the household economy are at the base. The research makes a policy proposal for agricultural recovery. From the comparative analysis of two studied field cases projects, the research concludes that the results of a development intervention are largely dependent on the methodologies used. Some approaches look down on local people and focus on imported systems of thought and actions, biasing and compromising the farmers' dynamics strengthening. Because of this, the peasantry is found at a crossroads, having lost its traditions and unable to control modernity. To cope with this situation, the research proposes the use of joint regulation within the meaning of the African palaver through an intervention in the sequence "Identify-prepare-support (IPS)." It encourages stakeholders to devote a time relatively sufficient in the preparation of the action through exchanges, discussions, analysis, training, negotiations. In this way, a solid foundation is laid for action giving it more likely to occur at a rate sufficient adequately controlled by local communities who own it. By placing the peasant and the local order in the centre of the action and taking into account the strategies and farming practices for securing food, we can achieve the strengthening of farmers’ dynamic and implementation of the "People's food security (PFS) "which is at the centre of the universal demand of development: security.
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Citations
Ngalamulume Tshiebue, G. (2011). Projets de développement agricole, dynamiques paysannes et sécurité alimentaire : essai d’analyse transversale et systémique de la rencontre entre les actions globales et les initiatives locales au Kasaï occidental/RDCongo. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/154752