Discussions of `chance' and other related concepts (such as 'stochasticity', 'randomness', 'indeterminism', etc.) are found throughout philosophical work on evolutionary theory. By focusing on three commonly recognized distinctions, I identify four 'chance'-like concepts: randomness, subjective unpredictability, collapsible objective chance, and non-collapsible objective chance. These are not, however, merely semantic distinctions: it is demonstrated that conflation of these clearly separate notions undermines widely-cited arguments in the philosophy of biology -- particularly, in the debate over the interpretation of fitness, natural selection, and genetic drift.
Pence, C. (2014). Coming to Terms with Chance in Evolution. Louisiana State University Seminar, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/92701