The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data- taking with single LHC beams and cosmic rays. The initial detector operation, hardware commissioning and in-situ calibrations are described. Tracking performance has been measured with 7.6 million cosmic-ray events, collected using a tracking trigger and reconstructed with modular pattern-recognition and fitting software. The intrinsic hit efficiency and tracking trigger efficiencies are close to 100%. Lorentz angle measurements for both electrons and holes, specific energy-loss calibration and transition radiation turn-on measurements have been performed. Different alignment techniques have been used to reconstruct the detector geometry. After the initial alignment, a transverse impact parameter resolution of 22.1+/-0.9 {mu}m and a relative momentum resolution {sigma}p/p = (4.83+/-0.16) imes 10-4 GeV-1 imes pT have been measured for high momentum tracks.
The ATLAS Collaboration, Aad, G., Jez, P., & et al. (2010). The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and calibration. European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields, 70(3), 787-821. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-010-1366-7 (Original work published 2010)