(en) This Phd is dedicated to the theatrical contemporary stage design (the "scenography") and to the "effect of real" that it can produce, not with realistic data but virtual ones, based not on a mimetic translation, but on a sensitive one. The research is based on 3 theatrical performances: "Kwartet" (writted by Heiner Müller), directed and designed by Peter Missotten (Belgique, 2007) ; "Je tremble (1 et 2)", writted and directed by Joël Pommerat and designed by Éric Soyer (France, 2007) ; "Riesenbutzbach. Eine Dauerkolonie", writted and directed by Christoph Marthaler, and designed by par Anna Viebrock (Allemagne, 2009).