Etiological and prognostic roles of socioeconomic characteristics in the development of sars-cov-2 infection and related severe health outcomes: systematic review of population-based studies

Ghattas, Jinane;Tatjana, Makovski;Cottam, James;Besnard, Stephanie;Carcaillon-Bentata, Laure;et.al.
(2023) 17th World Congress on Public Health — Location: Rome, Italy (2.May.2023)

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Authors
  • Ghattas, JinaneUCLouvain
    Author
  • Tatjana, Makovski
    Author
  • Cottam, James
    Author
  • Besnard, Stephanie
    Author
  • Speybroeck, NikoUCLouvain
    Author
  • Carcaillon-Bentata, Laure
    Author
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Abstract
Background and Objective: There is growing evidence on the role of biomedical factors and socioeconomic status in increasing vulnerability to COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the etiological and prognostic roles of multimorbidity, frailty and socioeconomic determinants in COVID-19 outcomes severity among population-representative samples. This presentation focuses on socioeconomic determinants. Methods: The following databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, WHO COVID-19 Global literature on coronavirus disease and PsycINFO between January 2020 and 7th April 2021. For the etiological role of socioeconomic determinants, the following outcomes were of interest: infection, hospitalisation, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality. For the prognostic role, we investigated hospitalization for COVID-19, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, death, functional decline, quality of life, disability, mental health difficulties, work absence. Results: Out of 9 701 reviewed titles and 411 articles read in full-text, 78 studies reporting on socioeconomic characteristics met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final synthesis. 47 studies reported on the etiological role, 24 studies reported on the prognostic role, and 7 reported on both. No studies reported on long term effects of socioeconomic determinants. Only short term COVID-19 related outcomes, such as COVID-19 infections, mortality, ICU admission, hospitalization etc. were identified. Data was often retrieved using administrative and hospital records. The evidence suggests that worse health outcomes were often seen in black and Asian populations, and associated with lower education level and higher deprivation score. Most of the studies cover populations in the United States and the United Kingdom. Conclusions: The risk of severe short-term COVID-19 outcomes increase with socioeconomic vulnerability and among certain ethnic groups. There is a need for more evidence on the role of socioeconomic characteristics in short-term and long-term COVID-19 outcomes in other European, Asian and African countries. Future research should target specific races and ethnic groups.
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Ghattas, J., Tatjana, M., Cottam, J., Besnard, S., Ambrozova, M., Vasinova, B., Feteira-Santos, R., Bezzegh, P., Bollmann, F., Haneef, R., Devleesschauwer, B., Speybroeck, N., Nogueira, P., Forjaz, M., Coste, J., & Carcaillon-Bentata, L. (2023). Etiological and prognostic roles of socioeconomic characteristics in the development of sars-cov-2 infection and related severe health outcomes: systematic review of population-based studies. Population Medicine, 5(Supplement), 165. https://doi.org/10.18332/popmed/164517 (Original work published 2023)