Moral cognition is one of the essential elements supporting stable and large-scale cooperation between genetically related or not individuals. This thesis aims to improve our understanding of moral cognition’s cognitive and neural architecture. Using three empirical studies, each encompassing two experiments based on the moral judgments task, we attempted to answer two scientific questions. First, which brain areas are involved in moral cognition and their function, and more specifically, what is the role of the right temporoparietal junction in moral judgments? Secondly, is morality universal and stable or, on the contrary, subject to interindividual variability, and more precisely, does the moral judgments task yield a universal and stable response profile?