Dampening type 2 properties of group 2 innate lymphoid cells by a gammaherpesvirus infection reprograms alveolar macrophages
(2023) Science Immunology — Vol. 8, n° 80 (2023)
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- Authors
Baiwir, Jérôme 
Maquet, Céline Gillet, Laurent
- Abstract
- Immunological dysregulation in asthma is associated with changes in exposure to 16 microorganisms early in life. Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs) are widespread human viruses that 17 establish lifelong infection and profoundly shape host immunity. Using Murid herpesvirus 4 18 (MuHV-4), a mouse γHV, we show that after infection, lung-resident and recruited innate 19 lymphoid group 2 cells (ILC2s) exhibit a reduced ability to expand and produce type 2 cytokines 20 in response to house dust mites, thereby contributing to protection against asthma. In contrast, 21 MuHV-4 infection triggers GM-CSF production by those lung ILC2s, which orders the 22 differentiation of monocytes (Mo) into alveolar macrophages (AMs) without promoting their type 23 2 functions. In the context of γHV infection, ILC2s are therefore essential niche cells that imprint 24 the tissue-specific identity of Mo-derived AMs and determine their function well beyond the initial 25 acute infection. 26
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Citations
Loos, P., Baiwir, J., Maquet, C., Javaux, J., Sandor, R., Lallemand, F., Marichal, T., Machiels, B., & Gillet, L. (2023). Dampening type 2 properties of group 2 innate lymphoid cells by a gammaherpesvirus infection reprograms alveolar macrophages. Science Immunology, 8(80). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9041 (Original work published 2023)