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Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed DNA double-strand breaks and lead to reciprocal exchanges between homologous chromosomes (crossovers), which are essential for accurate chromosome segregation and promote genetic diversity. Crossover formation occurs within protein-dense spherical structures called recombination nodules, which are associated with the synaptonemal complex, a meiosis-specific ladder-like structure that assembles between the homologs. In S. cerevisiae, recombination nodules include Zip3, which is part of a widely conserved group of crossover-promoting factors. Zip3 forms evenly-spaced foci associated with the synaptonemal complex, a spatial patterning that is thought to reflect the phenomenon of crossover interference, which leads to regular spacing between recombination products. Crossover interference has been proposed to involve a diffusion-based mechanism where neighbouring recombination nodules compete for a limiting pool of crossover-promoting proteins. This competition would lead to the progressive growth of some nodules at the expense of other ones (coarsening), causing surviving ones to space far apart from each other. Amongst other mechanistic requirements, the coarsening model of interference requires that crossover promoting proteins undergo spontaneous assembly into active droplets that compete with each other. Several lines of evidence have supported this in A. thaliana and C. elegans, but so far not in yeast. We have used a biochemical approach to probe the molecular properties of S. cerevisiae Zip3 and have characterized the relationships between its structural organization, its protein-protein interactions, and its role in crossover formation. Our findings shed light on the intrinsic properties of Zip3 and may have implications for the mechanism of crossover regulation.
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Survi, M., Gonzalez Gonzalez, V., & Claeys Bouuaert, C. (2026, June 7). Understanding the role of biomolecular condensation in meiotic crossover formation. Meiosis Goreden research Conference 2026, USA. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/279549