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Abstract
The chapter is structured in two parts: first, we review the state the art through four distinct sections. The first outlines what the concept of multilevel governance entails and introduces an empirical account of the development of Europeanization and regionalization over time. To account for the multidimensional features of multilevel governance and policymakingpolicy-making in Belgium, we then turn to the interplay of institutions, policies, and politics. The second section discusses how Belgian institutions create the landscape for multilevel governance in operation. The third section underlines the features whichthat characterize multilevel policymaking, whilstpolicy-making, while the fourth looks more closely at how Belgian citizens support the dynamics of multilevel governance. The second part of the chapter builds from our consideration of the state of the art, by presenting three avenues for future research capable of advancing the analysis of the dynamics and effects of multilevel governance in Belgium. We discuss the study of multilevel governance as a multilevel process, as opposed to studies of single-level processes; the contributions of within-case comparative designs, as opposed to studies of single-regional cases; and, last, the need for methodological and theoretical innovations to better account for how multilevel governance shapes citizens’ preferences.
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Pennetreau, D., Dupuy, C., & Van Ingelgom, V. (2026). Multilevel governance and public policies in Belgium. In Reuchamps, Min; Brans, Marleen; Meier, Petra; van Haute, Emilie (ed.), Oxford Handbook of Belgian Politics (pp. 513-529). Oxford University Press. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/273367