(en) Our dissertation proposes a critical edition, a translation and a philological and historical study of the De anima in arte alchemiae attributed to Avicenna. The De anima in arte alchemiae is a latin translation of an Arabic alchemical treatise written around the 12th century and wrongly attributed to Avicenna; this Arabic original is lost. The first volume of our thesis is composed by a study of the treatise: we investigate the sources, the influence, the history, the manuscripts, and the Arabic-Latin vocabulary of the De anima in arte alchemiae. The second volume presents our critical edition and translation. This edition has been made using a lachmannian method: we used the system of Professeur Mogenet, fit to Latin scientific texts.