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PDY_2021_Belgium_2020_PUBLISHED.pdf
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Abstract
(en) The year 2021 was the first full year for the De Croo I Cabinet, which had been installed in October 2020 after difficult and lengthy negotiations. The oversized and ideologically diverse ?Vivaldi? coalition government struggled as it was confronted with the management of the COVID-19 pandemic, amidst frequent tensions between the coalition partners, with the two largest Flemish parties (Flemish Interest/Vlaams Belang and New Flemish Alliance/Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie) shooting from the opposition. Further, usual disagreements continued to prevail between Flemish and Francophone parties and their respective executives at the subnational level. Hence, discussions on the contours of a ? still very tentative ? seventh state reform did not make much progress. Wallonia, the country's southern region, was hit by catastrophic floods in July. The whole public response to these floods added up to the massive costs of handling COVID-19, which resulted in a structurally large budget deficit.
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Citations

Rihoux, B., Vandeleene, A., De Winter, L., Baudewyns, P., & Deruette, S. (2022). Belgium : Political Developments and Data in 2021. European Journal of Political Research. Political Data Yearbook, 61(1), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/2047-8852.12378 (Original work published 2022)