Bymoviruses such as Barley mild mosaic virus, Barley yellow mosaic virus, Oat mosaic virus, Rice necrosis mosaic virus, Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus and Wheat yellow mosaic virus, are responsible for mosaic diseases on barley, oat, rice, rye and wheat crops . Such viruses are encountered worldwide in cereal growing areas, causing significant yield losses. Traditionally, bymoviruses were detected by serological techniques like immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). More recently, RT-PCR techniques such as traditional RT-PCR, immuno-capture RT-PCR, and multiplex RT-PCR, have been proposed for a sensitive detection. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR, allowed to quantify bymovirus presence in the leaf and root samples, offering a precious alernative to ELISA. The following chapter provides a review of the numerous and different techniques published on the identification of bymoviruses on cereals.
Vaïanopoulos, C., & Bragard, C. (2006). Bymovirus on Cereals (Chapter 11). In Rao, G. & Bragard, C. (ed.), Molecular diagnosis of plant virus, industrial crops - Chapter 11 (p. p. 1-16 pp). Studium Press, Houston. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/255935