The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020, mobile and wireless communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. The fifth (and beyond) generation of radio communication networks (5G, 5G+) are expected to implement technologies for supporting wireless connectivity for any rates, type of communicating units, and scenario. Whereas spectral and spatial efficiency are key challenges, in addition to constraints such as energy consumption, latency, mobility, adaptability, heterogeneity, coverage and reliability, the multi-dimensional radio channel remains central in such contexts. Multiple antenna systems (MIMO), interference recognition and management as well as cooperation among separate network nodes are inherently multi-dimensional techniques and should always be designed with a proper knowledge not only of the channel, but also of the interference. In addition, the use of higher frequency ranges (cm-and mm-waves) is investigated to address the spectrum shortage. Finally, new environments are emerging with the application of the wireless Internet of Things (IoT) in several areas.
Oestges, C. (2019). Overview of Radio Propagation Models for 5G and beyond. Proc. 2019 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (AP-RASC). Published. 2019 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (AP-RASC), New Delhi, India. https://doi.org/10.23919/ursiap-rasc.2019.8738773