The fundamental detection limit of ultra-scaled Si nanowire FET (NWT) biosensors is studied with a NEGF quantum microscopic approach. For negatively charged analytes, a N-doped NWT is found to be more sensitive and to get less sensitivity degradation when increasing channel length. Our results predict threshold voltage shifts due to a single charge analyte on the order of tens to hundreds of mV in dry (air) or low ionic solution environments, which hint at single charge/analyte detection. However, the sensitivity to a single charge analyte rapidly drops down to the mV range in typical ionic solution and SAM conditions.
Afzalian, A., Couniot, N., & Flandre, D. (2012). Detection Limit of ultra-scaled Nanowire Biosensors. Proceedings of the 2012 SISPAD Conference, 165-168. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/252782