Comparing Self-Other Distinction Across Motor, Cognitive, and Affective Domains
(2024) Royal Society Open Science — (2024)
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- The self-other distinction (SOD) is a process by which humans disentangle self from other-related mental representations. This online study investigated two unresolved questions: whether (1) the same processes underpin SOD for motor, cognitive, and affective representations and (2) SOD overlaps with domain-general cognitive control processes. Participants (N = 243) performed three SOD tasks (motor: automatic imitation inhibition [AIT]; cognitive: visual perspective-taking [VPT]; affective: emotional egocentricity bias [av-EEB] tasks) and two cognitive control tasks (Stroop and stop-signal reaction time [SSRT] tasks). The study employed multiple correlation analyses, hierarchical clustering, and multidimensional scaling as exploratory data analysis methods to uncover patterns and groupings within the data. Related to the first question, correlation analyses showed no associations among the motor, cognitive, and affective SOD indexes. Similarly, distinct SOD clusters emerged in the hierarchical clustering dendrogram, indicating clear separations among SODs. However, the results of multidimensional scaling suggested a tendency towards two clusters, as evidenced by the proximity of VPT and AIT indexes in relation to EEB indexes on the MDS graph. Related to the second question, AIT spatial laterality and Stroop domain-general cognitive control confounded AIT and VPT indexes, albeit slightly differently depending on the analysis method used. SSRT showed neither associations with SODs nor with other domain-general indexes. These findings underscore the complexity of SOD processes and highlight the importance of considering methodological nuances in data analysis.Moreover, these results have notable implications for basic and applied research, e.g., in the domain of clinical disorders affected by deficiencies in SOD.
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Pronizius, E., Bukowski, H., & Lamm, C. (2024). Comparing Self-Other Distinction Across Motor, Cognitive, and Affective Domains. Royal Society Open Science. Accepted/in-press. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/237163 (Original work published 2024)