According to the late philosopher Thomas Kuhn in his classic book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions [1], science advances by breakthrough disruptions that change the existing consensus with so-called paradigm shifts. Over the last two decades, the cultivation-independent paradigm [2] within a dynamic molecular view of evolution and phylogeny [3] has been firmly established in environmental microbiology. This revolution is enabled in no small measure by the unprecedented power of high-throughput ‘omics’ technologies and computational methodologies. And while the omics toolbox is having a remarkable influence on how we (re)formulate basic scientific questions in environmental biotechnology, the holistic framework of systems biology is serving to integrate this massively accumulating molecular information toward a fuller functional understanding and a more sustainable management of ecosystems and their services.
Agathos, S. N., & Boon, N. (2015). Editorial overview: Environmental biotechnology. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 33(1), v-vii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2015.04.002 (Original work published 2015)