This article analyses the sociolinguistic situation of Dutch and Brussels and identifies the challenges faced by the Dutch-speaking community as a medium-sized language community in an urban context characterised by a high level of linguistic diversity and by the coexistence of three languages that play the role of lingua francas (Dutch, English and French). I also examine how Flemish authorities have tried to meet these challenges so far and point out a tension between two understandings of the political struggle that the Dutch community has to engage in – one that views it as competitive, the other as cooperative – which are themselves different conceptions of the community and the language it is related to. I show that this tension can be analysed in terms of the opposition between “anonymity” and “authenticity”, as formulated by Woolard (2008). I argue that while these two conceptions coexist in the ideology that underlies Dutch language policy in Brussels, the policy has now reached a point where it is more and more difficult to hold them together, and where they may lead to distinct ways of defining and assessing language policies.
Hambye, P. (2015). Competitive and Cooperative Orientations in Language Policies: a Critical Look at the Situation of Dutch in Brussels. In Boix-Fuster, Emili (ed.), Urban Diversities and Language Policies in Medium-Sized Linguistic Communities (p. p. 25-49). Multilingual Matters. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/187294