Kinked silicon nanowires-enabled interweaving electrode configuration for lithium-ion batteries

Sandu, Georgiana;Coulombier, Michaël;Kumar, Vishank;Kassa, Hailu G.;Melinte, Sorin;et.al.
(2018) Scientific Reports — Vol. 8, p. 9794 (2018)

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Abstract
A tri-dimensional interweaving kinked silicon nanowires (k-SiNWs) assembly, with a Ni current collector co-integrated, is evaluated as electrode configuration for lithium ion batteries. The large-scale fabrication of k-SiNWs is based on a procedure for continuous metal assisted chemical etching of Si, supported by a chemical peeling step that enables the reuse of the Si substrate. The kinks are triggered by a simple, repetitive etch-quench sequence in a HF and H2O2-based etchant. We find that the interlocking frameworks of k-SiNWs and multi-walled carbon nanotubes exhibit beneficial mechanical properties with a foam-like behavior amplified by the kinks and a suitable porosity for a minimal electrode deformation upon Li insertion. In addition, ionic liquid electrolyte systems associated with the integrated Ni current collector repress the detrimental effects related to the Si-Li alloying reaction, enabling high cycling stability with 80% capacity retention (1695 mAh/gSi) after 100 cycles. Areal capacities of 2.42 mAh/cm2 (1276 mAh/gelectrode) can be achieved at the maximum evaluated thickness (corresponding to 1.3 mgSi/cm2). This work emphasizes the versatility of the metal assisted chemical etching for the synthesis of advanced Si nanostructures for high performance lithium ion battery electrodes.
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Sandu, G., Coulombier, M., Kumar, V., Kassa, H. G., Avram, I., Ye, R., Stopin, A., Bonifazi, D., Gohy, J.-F., Leclère, P., Gonze, X., Pardoen, T., Vlad, A., & Melinte, S. (2018). Kinked silicon nanowires-enabled interweaving electrode configuration for lithium-ion batteries. Scientific Reports, 8, 9794. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28108-3 (Original work published 2018)