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Energy exchange during running with an aiding and hindering force
It has recently been shown that during running on a slope, some energy (about 20% of the external work necessary to move the CoM relative to the environ- ment, Wext) can be recovered through exchange between Ekf and Ev (Dewolf et al. 2016). This phe- nomenon occurs because on a slope, there is an imbalance between the positive and negative work performed. Consequently, in order to contain the increase in the positive (uphill) or negative (downhill) power necessary to change the height of the CoM, the time during which Ev increases/decreases is length- ened, whereas the time during which the CoM is accelerated/decelerated forwards does not change. Thus, when slope and speed increase the minimum of Ev takes place prior/after the minimum of Ekf, causing a period during which an energy exchange between Ekf and Ev occurs.
Da Rosa Macedo Mesquita, R., Dewolf, A., Catavitello, G., & Willems, P. (2019). Energy exchange during running with an aiding and hindering force. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 22(Suppl 1), S283-S285. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2020.1714914 (Original work published 2019)