Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations
(2021) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology — Vol. 52, n° 3, p. 231-258 (2021)
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- Authors
Bosson, Jennifer K. 
Jurek, Paweł Walentynowicz, Marta - et. al.
- Abstract
- Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.
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Citations
Bosson, J. K., Jurek, P., Vandello, J. A., Kosakowska-Berezecka, N., Olech, M., Casini, A., Sarter, E., Walentynowicz, M., Yzerbyt, V., & et al. (2021). Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 52(3), 231-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022121997997 (Original work published 2021)