This thesis addresses the importance of uncertainty and expectations in the economy by providing four pieces of analysis.1 The first two chapters explore how agents use financial information in the presence of limited information when forming expectations and how financial markets may capture and transmit economic uncertainty. The third chapter provides a textual-analysis based indicator to measure the real-time impact of uncertainty on economic activity during periods with exceptionally high uncertainty such as the COVID-19 crisis, while the fourth chapter explores the role of uncertainty through expectations as a driving factor during large crisis.