The how and why of derivational multiple exponence: two cases studies.
(2018) Valibel seminar - Universitè catholique de Louvain — Location: Louvain-la-Neuve (27.April.2018)
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- While most of the morphological studies focus on “canonical” formations in which form and meaning show a symmetrical (one-to-one) correspondence, cross-linguistically we find numerous examples of multiple exponence (among others, Caballero 2013; Gardani 2015; Harris 2017). Following Harris (2017: 9), “multiple (or extended) exponence is the occurrence of multiple realizations of a single morphosemantic feature, bundle of features, or derivational category within a word”. In English, for example, the Oxford English Dictionary lists the word music-ian-er, with a doubling of the agentive suffix, as an informal/regional variant of the standard form music-ian, and the form geograph-ic-al, with a repetition of the suffix which denotes the relational function, as a respective variant of the form geograph-ic. A number of different terms have been coined to describe multiple exponence, among others, “pleonastic morphology”, “redundancy”, “tautology” or “exuberant/extended exponence” (cf. Szymanek 2015). The focus of the present presentation is the description and analysis of two cases of pleonastic derivational morphology, i.e. morphological formations containing derivational elements which contribute information already conveyed by the rest of the structure. For similar cases, the technical term “hypercharacterization” has been proposed by Lehmann (2005: 135). Multiple exponence can be further divided into explicit derivational multiple exponence, when pleonastic information is encoded by two distinct (not necessarily the same) affixes, and implicit derivational multiple exponence, when pleonastic information is encoded inherently on the stem and by one affix (cf. Gardani 2015). In this talk, I analyze one case of explicit (see 1a) and one case of implicit derivational multiple exponence (see 1b) from Standard Modern Greek and Modern Greek varieties (cf. also Koutsoukos 2013, 2018): (1) (a) παρκ-άρ-ιζ(α) [parkariza]V ‘I was parking’ (Standard Modern Greek) BASE-VERBALISER-VERBALISER-INFL (b) απορ-ίdz(ω) [aporidzo]v ‘to lack’ (Griko, dialect spoken in Southern Italy) BASE(V)- VERBALIΖER.INFL Pleonastic structures are quite important since they raise questions with respect to morphological variation and change. Hypercharacterization becomes even more challenging since the freedom of selection and combination of the units is - in principle - more limited at the level of derivational and inflectional morphology (Lehmann 2005: 135-136). The aims of this presentation are: (a) to define the phenomenon and to show its differences from similar phenomena (such as reduplication, bipartite morphemes and morphologically conditioned phonological additions), (b) to stress its theoretical importance, and (c) to raise some further questions for future research.
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Koutsoukos, N. (2018). The how and why of derivational multiple exponence: two cases studies. Valibel seminar - Universitè catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/54795