Frog sartorius muscles hanged in humid oxygen on a thermopile, in order to measure their heat production. Force was measured by strain gauges, and the two variables were displayed on a double beam oscilloscope with adjustable time markers. Details of these techniques are found in Aubert (1956). In the hour between the tetani, the muscles soaked in oxygenated Ringer, with D-tubocurarine (1.5 mg/100ml).Sartorius muscles of Rana temporaria were tetanically stimulated for 2 to 15 sec at constant length every hour at 18°C by alternating condenser discharges (50/s, time constant 5ms). We concluded from detailed observations that the force decay during fatigue might be explained by at least three processes: 1) irreversible extension of the elastic elements;2) progressive inactivation of the contractile units and 3) slowing down of the chemical reactions responsible of the development and the maintenance of force. Aubert, X. (1956). Le couplage énergétique de la contraction musculaire, 316pp, éd. Arscia, Bruxelles.
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Maréchal, G., & Aubert, X. (1958). [Multiple components of fatigue of isolated muscle demonstrated by mechanical and thermal analysis of contraction]. Journal de Physiologie, 50(2), 404-406. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/214636 (Original work published 1958)