Actinomycosis and osteonecrosis of the jaw: Every why hides a why
(2022) Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Vol. 123, n° 6, p. e749-e756 (2022)
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- Abstract
- Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a chronic and challenging disease for most clinicians. Two types of ONJ are described with different etiologies and pathophysiological mechanisms: osteoradionecrosis (ORN) and Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ). Actinomyces is a Gram positive, filamentous, facultative and anaerobic bacteria that exists in the normal flora of oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and female genital tract. It belongs to Actinomycetaceae, Propionibacteriaceae and Bifidobacteriacea species with Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces rencseriae and Actinomyces naeslundii / viscosus representing more than 75% of them. However, the most common agent found into the oral cavity is Actinomyces israelii. Actinomyces infection causes on the head and neck region a suppurative and granulomatous infectious reaction with abscess formation, tissue fibrosis, and occasionally a soft tissue tumor-like mass. It usually follows a dental disease or a jaw osteomyelitis commonly called the “lumpy jaw syndrome”
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Citations
Arnal-Etienne, A., van Maanen, A., Van Eeckhout, P., & Magremanne, M. (2022). Actinomycosis and osteonecrosis of the jaw: Every why hides a why. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 123(6), e749-e756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jormas.2022.05.023 (Original work published 2022)