Scattering by artificial wind and rain roughened water surfaces at oblique incidences

Craeye, Christophe;Sobieski, Piotr;Bliven, LF.
(1997) International Journal of Remote Sensing — Vol. 18, n° 10, p. 2241-2246 (1997)

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Abstract
Rain affects wind retrievals from scatterometric measurements of the sea surface. To depict the additional roughness caused by rain on a wind driven surface, we use a ring-wave spectral model. This enables us to analyse the rain effect on K-u band scatterometric observations from two laboratory experiments. Calculations based on the small perturbation method provide good simulation of scattering measurements for the rain-only case, whereas for combined wind and rain cases, the boundary perturbation method is appropriate.
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Craeye, C., Sobieski, P., & Bliven, LF. (1997). Scattering by artificial wind and rain roughened water surfaces at oblique incidences. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 18(10), 2241-2246. https://doi.org/10.1080/014311697217864 (Original work published 1997)