Search for Nuclear Modifications of <math display="inline"><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math> Meson Production in <math display="inline"><mi>p</mi></math>-Pb Collisions at <math display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>NN</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>8.16</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>

Benecke, Anna;Bethani, Agni;Bruno, Giacomo;Caputo, Claudio;CMS;et.al.
(2025) Physical Review Letters — Vol. 134 (2025)

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Abstract
Nuclear medium effects on <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> meson production are studied using the binary-collision scaled cross section ratio between events of different charged-particle multiplicities from proton-lead collisions. Data, collected by the CMS experiment in 2016 at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of <math display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>NN</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>8.16</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math display="inline"><mn>175</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>nb</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, were used. The scaling factors in the ratio are determined using a novel approach based on the <math display="inline"><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> cross sections measured in the same events. The scaled ratio for <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> is consistent with unity for all event multiplicities, putting stringent constraints on nuclear modification for heavy flavor.
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Benecke, A., Bethani, A., Bruno, G., Caputo, C., de Favereau de Jeneret, J., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Guzel, A., Jain, S., Jain, S., Lemaitre, V., Lidrych, J., Mastrapasqua, P., Tran, T. T., Wertz, S., CMS, & et al. (2025). Search for Nuclear Modifications of <math display=“inline”><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math> Meson Production in <math display=“inline”><mi>p</mi></math>-Pb Collisions at <math display=“inline”><mrow><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>NN</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>8.16</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>. Physical Review Letters, 134. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.111903 (Original work published 2025)