Gravitational partial-wave absorption from scattering amplitudes
(2023) Journal of High Energy Physics — Vol. 12 (2023)
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- Abstract
- We study gravitational absorption effects using effective on-shell scattering amplitudes. We develop an in-in probability-based framework involving plane- and partial-wave coherent states for the incoming wave to describe the interaction of the wave with a black hole or another compact object. We connect this framework to a simplified single-quantum analysis. The basic ingredients are mass-changing three-point amplitudes, which model the leading absorption effects and a spectral-density function of the black hole. As an application, we consider a non-spinning black hole that may start spinning as a consequence of the dynamics. The corresponding amplitudes are found to correspond to covariant spin-weighted spherical harmonics, the properties of which we formulate and make use of. We perform a matching calculation to general-relativity results at the cross-section level and derive the effective absorptive three-point couplings. They are found to behave as $ \mathcal{O}\left({G}_{\textrm{Newton}}^{s+1}\right) $, where s is the spin of the outgoing massive state.
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Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R., & et al. (2023). Gravitational partial-wave absorption from scattering amplitudes. Journal of High Energy Physics, 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2023)103 (Original work published 2023)