The paper presents an efficient design method for frequency-tunable planar devices using gyrotropic ferrite YIG films. The behaviour of the tunable YIG film is modelled by an equivalent lossy transmission line. Its parameters are the function of the permeability tensor components, which depend on the frequency and magnitude of the DC biasing magnetic field. We propose two analytical variational models for computing these transmission line one- or two-port parameters, depending on their coupling to the planar MIC accesses. Compared with most numerical methods, the two resulting models offer the advantage to be fully analytical and remain valid when losses of the anisotropic material are taken into account. These two models are able to predict the expected and also the unwanted effects, such as non-reciprocity and losses, with a very limited numerical complexity. The efficiency of the proposed approach is illustrated by comparing theoretical designs using these variational models with measurements carried out on the various topologies of the tunable one- and two-port planar resonators in the microstrip and slotline technology. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Huynen, I., Stockbroeckx, B., & Vander Vorst, A. (1999). Variational principles are efficient CAD tools for planar tunable MICs involving lossy gyrotropic layers. International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields, 12(5), 417-440. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1204(199909/10)12:5<417::AID-JNM338>3.0.CO;2-H (Original work published 1999)