Current Concepts and Future Challenges in Facial Transplantation
(2009) Clinics in Plastic Surgery — Vol. 36, n° 3, p. 507-521 (2009)
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- Facial allotransplantation has become a surgical reality. The first successful segmental human face transplants have demonstrated that facial allografts are reliable, their rejection can be prevented by low-dose immunosuppression, and their neurologic recovery enables oral and expressive functions of the face to be restored. Clinical facts have shown that the risk-benefit balance is acceptable in the medium term, that at the neurocognitive level the allograft is reintegrated in the body scheme of the recipient, and that it does not engender a donor identity transfer. This article presents a classification of facial allografts and discusses the technical, immunologic, and ethical challenges that lie ahead.
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Citations
Lengelé, B. (2009). Current Concepts and Future Challenges in Facial Transplantation. Clinics in Plastic Surgery, 36(3), 507-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cps.2009.02.006 (Original work published 2009)