Redessiner un Commun pour les Semences : Evaluation critique du système multilatéral d’accès et de partage des avantages du Traité international sur les ressources phytogénétiques pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture

Frison, Christine
(2018) Revue interdisciplinaire d’études juridiques — Vol. 81, n° 2, p. 211-241 (2018)

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(en) “Redesigning a seed commons : A critical assessment of the multilateral system of access and benefit-sharing of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA)" : The international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture aims to reach food security and promote sustainable agriculture. This article analyses how its 144 contracting parties answer the Treaty’s objectives by creating the multilateral system of access and benetif-sharing, also called « Global Seed Commons » by some authors inspired by the theory of the commons. There are two major outcomes: 1. The Treaty does not reduce the gap between strong individual appropriation of seeds by multinational companies and the almost inexistant collectif rights of farmers to reuse seeds. 2. The Treaty relies on a dual discourse, where the aim is to set an effective global seed commons for all its stakeholders, but where the practice only designs a practical system for researchers/breeders. The recent developments in the theory of the commons are particularly useful in investigating the issues at stake, as the subject itself requires a collective action approach. Six invariable principles are identified as necessary to enable all its stakholders to create an effective political global seed commons and to reach the Treaty’s objectives. Indeed, finding solutions to the constraints related to the international seed management participates in the socio- and agroécological transition following the prnciples of sustainable development in order to face together tomorrow’s challenges.
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Frison, C. (2018). Redessiner un Commun pour les Semences : Evaluation critique du système multilatéral d’accès et de partage des avantages du Traité international sur les ressources phytogénétiques pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture. Revue interdisciplinaire d’études juridiques, 81(2), 211-241. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/122639 (Original work published 2018)