Origine cellulaire et régulation de la collagénase (MMP-1) dans l'endomètre humain eutopique et ectopique
(1997)
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- Throughout the reproductive years, the human endometrium composed of a stromal and an epithelial compartment shows striking structural changes during the menstrual cycle. If no pregnancy develops, the fall of plasma oestradiom and progesterone concentrations induces, about every 28 days, a rapid and extensive focal lysis of the extracellular matrix argyrophilic fibrillar network and a collapse of the endometrial stroma. This leads to hemorrhages and mucosal shedding, i. e. menstruation. <BR> The menstrual tissue regression can be reproduced in vitro by the culture of human endometrial explants in the absence of added ovarian steroids. In such conditions, the preservation of the argyrophilic fibrillar network by specific inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) demonstrates that enzymes of this family are involved in the degradation of the endometrial extracellular matrix. Furthermore, the inhibition by ovarian steroids of the expression, the secretion and the activation of several MMPs also preserves the tissue integrity of endometrial explants. <BR> Among MMPs, collagenases are the only mammalian proteinases able to cleave, at neutral pH, the triple helical domain of fibrillar collagens, major constituents of the endometrial extracellular matrix. In the human endometrium, interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) is only expressed, secreted and activated just before and during menstruation. The expression of MMP-1 is restricted to stromal foci of the functional layer of the endometrium, when and where progesterone receptors disappear, and especially where tissue breakdown is prominent. Moreover, the preferential expression of MMP-1, probably in concert with other MMPs, is thus presumably involved in the initiation of menstruation. Similarly, MMP-1, which is only expressed in foci of active endometriosis, could also be involved in tissue remodelling and bleeding, and possibly in the secondary shedding and reimplantation of these endometriotic lesions
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Kokorine, I. (1997). Origine cellulaire et régulation de la collagénase (MMP-1) dans l’endomètre humain eutopique et ectopique. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/111474