(en) For 90 years, Burundi and elsewhere in Africa, religious organizations have become an important issue in redefining and refocusing strategies of cooperation after the turn of the adjustment policies and the crisis of governance. The demobilization of the state and the created vacuumizing in many sectors of society along with the rise of international NGOs involved in humanitarian aid to religious actors opened a possibility of unexpected action and even stronger, their positions among the population. We then witness the emergence of a clear and explicit co-opted from the world of development in the direction of religious institutions (the "Game Development"). The thesis, through the case study of the Burundian NGO COPED, develops an analysis of the multiple tensions and strategies through the season of independence from the welfare of African and Catholic churches tried to enter the conflict between the visions of the development through the development world and mark its relation to the world of religion. The general assumption that structures the thesis is that there is a relationship between global dynamics of modernization and strategies of local actors and particular sectarian. From the 70's, under the guidance of Bishop Bududira, the Diocese of Bururi, southern Burundi, becomes the site of an experiment in which priests and laymen of the country are trying to be recognized players in the development of steps with the vision support more "traditional" Catholic missionaries. According to an original path, the Diocese of Bururi provide human, cultural and infrastructure (the "social capital") for the establishment of an actor "associative" and territorial, with the double aim to develop projects in tune with the demands territory (via parishes) and partnerships with donors of the Catholic world internationally. The success in financial terms and the functional performance of the organization of Bururi will soon question the other dioceses of the country at the time in financial and organizational crisis, especially in their social work. In the geographical context of Africa, these sectarian organizations get interesting, because they "could" become effective instruments for the mobilization and, according to some theorists, to help even a renewal of the concept of development, particularly urgent tasks since the failure of structural adjustment plans. The journey inside the world of these local actors allows us to reach a greater understanding of globalization and modernity in Africa.