Search for the Rare Decay <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> in Proton-Proton Collisions at <math display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13.6</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>

Jain, Sandhya;Bein, Samuel;Benecke, Anna;Bethani, Agni;CMS;et.al.
(2025) Physical Review Letters — Vol. 135 (2025)

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Abstract
A search for the rare decay <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> is reported using proton-proton collision events at <math display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13.6</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math> collected by the CMS detector in 2022–2023, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math display="inline"><mn>64.5</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>. This is the first analysis to use a newly developed inclusive dimuon trigger, expanding the scope of the CMS flavor physics program. The search uses <math display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> mesons obtained from <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> decays. No significant excess is observed. A limit on the branching fraction of <math display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>2.4</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> at 95% confidence level is set. This is the most stringent upper limit set on any flavor changing neutral current decay in the charm sector.
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Jain, S., Bein, S., Benecke, A., Bethani, A., Bruno, G., Caputo, C., de Favereau de Jeneret, J., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Guzel, A. O., Jain, S., Lemaitre, V., Lidrych, J., Mastrapasqua, P., Tran, T. T., Turkcapar, S., CMS, & et al. (2025). Search for the Rare Decay <math display=“inline”><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy=“false”>→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> in Proton-Proton Collisions at <math display=“inline”><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13.6</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>. Physical Review Letters, 135. https://doi.org/10.1103/zc76-rgcp (Original work published 2025)