The usability of full-waveform ground-penetrating radar (GPR) modelling based on exact Green's functions for wave propagation in multilayered media and antenna calibration equation in far-field conditions has been successfully validated in laboratory and field conditions during the last decade. The accuracy of the retrieved parameters in the GPR data inversion depends on the accuracy of the antenna calibration. In this research we studied the repeatability and stability of two different GPR systems, namely, frequency- and time-domain systems. A combination of a vector network analyzer (VNA) and 800-5200 MHz TEM-horn antenna was used as a frequency-domain GPR while a GSSI GPR system using a 900 MHz bow-tie antenna was used as a time-domain GPR. Both antennas were calibrated several times over a perfect electric conductor (PEC) in laboratory. In addition, the measurements over a thin water layer were conducted. The results showed that the frequency-domain GPR is stable while the time-domain GPR presents significant drift, which can be partly accounted for using corrections based on calibrating free-space measurements. Finally, the inversion of the water layer measurements provided reliable results using 5 different antenna transfer function sets and showed the repeatability of both GPR systems.
Mahmoudzadeh Ardekani, M. R., & Lambot, S. (2012). Testing the stability and repeatability of far-field full-waveform GPR modelling with time- and frequency-domain GPR systems. In Vanclooster M. (ed.), Proceedings (p. p. 57). https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/32817