El suicidio en Chile, estudio socio - demográfico y aproximación microsocial y psicológica a la violencia ejercida contra sí mismo
(2006)
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- Authors
- Supervisors
- Baruffol, Eric
- Abstract
- (en) The present thesis explores the reality of the suicide in Chile, through a macro-social approach (ecological perspective) and micro-social approach (case studies). The aim is to understand the person who commits suicide. Suicide is considered here as a violent conduct which has as target the individual himself as well as the family and the wider social system. At the same time, when helpful, mortality by homicide, another violent behavior is added to the study. In this study different sources of information are used: mortality tables by the National Institute of Statistic; population projections carried out by the same organization; data originated by a national survey of socio-economic issues and results of the quality of life and health survey, both carried out by the Ministry of Health; results of the first survey of health by the same Ministry. The case studies are based on 188 police reports of suicide in Chile. The most relevant results are the following: 1. Considering the suicide rates from 1980 to 1982 and compared with the rates of 1997 to 1999, the by age adjusted increase is of 12.5 percent. In addition, this increase occurs specially in the male population between the age of 20 to 40 and also in people elder than 65. 2. The distribution of the suicide rates is not even throughout the country. The rates are higher in the South of Chile. This fact, might be due to the action of a biological factor linked to the serotonin metabolism. 3. An annual variation was found, with increase of the rates in Spring and especially in Summer. This fact reinforces the possibility of the action of a biological mechanism as indicated above. However, a more detailed exploration of these findings suggested that the increases in Spring and Summer are favored by special moments of the Chilean calendar, associated to high alcohol consumption. This explanation acquires even greater force when exploring the distribution of suicides and homicides over the days of the week. 4. Our date also show the relation between the suicide and the marital status. The suicide mortality rate is 2.09 times higher in single individuals compared to married people. This relation is not only observed in suicide but is even stronger in general mortality. 5. The rates of suicide increase proportionally with the poverty levels. The relation between poverty level and suicide is very strong. 6. The relation between suicide and urban vs rural context is outstanding. The data show that the farther the distance from the city the higher the suicide [...]
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Citations
Duarte Quapper, D. L. (2006). El suicidio en Chile, estudio socio - demográfico y aproximación microsocial y psicológica a la violencia ejercida contra sí mismo. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/130340