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Lignocellulosic biomass is a key renewable feedstock for the sustainable production of platform chemicals. Among them, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a pivotal intermediate that can be sourced from its cellulosic fraction through a cascade process involving the synergistic effect of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites (Fig. 1) [1]. In this work, we report the development of bifunctional carbon-based acid catalysts for a one-pot cellobiose-derived 5-HMF production. The catalytic system consists of activated carbon (SX+ from NORIT, fraction < 50μm) functionalized with WO₃ patches and benzyl sulfonic moieties [2]. The acidic properties were characterized by NH₃-TPD (total acidity) and pyridine-FTIR (Brønsted/Lewis site distribution). The most active WO₃ phase, depending on calcination temperature, was first identified for the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF. The optimized oxide was subsequently integrated in the final materials. Then, the optimal balance between WO₃ and sulfonic groups was elucidated by testing monofunctional mixtures, enabling rational fine-tuning of the bifunctional catalytic systems. The optimal bifunctional catalysts were evaluated for the one-pot conversion of cellobiose under mild conditions (403 K, 6 h). A tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water solvent system significantly enhances 5-HMF yield by improving its extraction and enhancing cellobiose conversion (Fig. 1). Kinetic studies over longer reaction times will be carried out to maximize 5-HMF yield.
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Tonelli, A. (2026). WO3/SO3H-C CATALYSTS FOR 5-HMF ONE-POT PRODUCTION. https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202500070