Obesity activates immunomodulating properties of mesenchymal stem cells in adipose tissue with differences between localizations
(2021) FASEB Journal — Vol. 35, n° 6, p. 18 (2021)
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- Authors
Lefevre, Camille 
- Abstract
- Mesenchymal stem cells from healthy adipose tissue are adipocytes progenitors with immunosuppressive potential that are used for years in cell therapy. Whether adipose stem cells (ASC) may prevent inflammation in early obesity is not known. To address this question, we performed a kinetic study of high-fat (HF) diet induced obesity in mice to follow the immune regulating functions of adipose stem cells (ASC) isolated from the subcutaneous (SAT) and the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Our results show that, early in obesity and before inflammation was detected, HF diet durably and differently activated ASC from SAT and VAT. Subcutaneous ASC from HF-fed mice strongly inhibited the proliferation of activated T lymphocytes, whereas visceral ASC selectively inhibited TNFα expression by macrophages and simultaneously released higher concentrations of IL6. These depot specific differences may contribute to the low-grade inflammation that develops with obesity in VAT while inflammation in SAT is delayed. The mechanisms involved differ from those already described for naïve cells activation with inflammatory cytokines and probably engaged metabolic activation. These results evidence that adipose stem cells are metabolic sensors acquiring an obesity-primed immunocompetent state in answer to depot-specific intrinsic features with overnutrition, placing these cells ahead of inflammation in the local dialog with immune cells.
- Affiliations
Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory INSERM, INRAE, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Hospices Civils de Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Hôpital Lyon Sud CRCL, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM U1052- CNRS UMR5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV Federal University of Pernambuco
Citations
Lefevre, C., Chartoire, D., Ferraz, J. C., Verdier, T., Pinteur, C., Chanon, S., Pesenti, S., Vieille-Marchiset, A., Genestier, L., Vidal, H., & Mey, A. (2021). Obesity activates immunomodulating properties of mesenchymal stem cells in adipose tissue with differences between localizations. FASEB Journal, 35(6), 18. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202002046RR (Original work published 2021)