Etude du rôle fonctionnel de l’O-acétylation et de l’amidation du peptidoglycane chez les lactobacilles
(2012)
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- (en) Peptidoglycan (PG) is the major component of the gram positive cell wall. It is composed of glycan chains formed by the polymerization of the N-acetylglucosamine-N-acetyl muramic acid heterodimer, and cross-linked by peptidic stem. This structure confers high resistance to the bacterial cell wall but also some flexibility allowing growth and shape maintenance. This duality between rigidity and flexibility is the result of a steady-state between the PG polymerizing enzymes, the penicillin binding protein (PBP) and the PG hydrolases (PGH). More or less concomitantly with its synthesis, certain modifications can occur on PG structure that will modulate the activity of PG synthesis and degradation enzymes. During this work, we have characterized the PG structural modifications in two lactobacilli species and studied their functional role. We have identified the first amidotransferase involved in meso-diaminopimelic acid amidation and shown the influence of this modification on the activity of the L,D-carboxypeptidase, DacB, and also on the septal PG synthesis by the PBP in Lactobacillus plantarum. Then, we have highlighted for the first time, the presence of O-acetylation on GlcNAc in addition to O-acetylation on MurNAc. These two modifications are catalyzed by two dedicated O-acetyltransferases, OatB and OatA respectively, that control PGH activity in an antagonistic way. We have also demonstrated the implication of the OatA O-acetyltransferase in septation control. Finally, we have shown the influence of PG MurNAc O-acetylation on the anti-inflammatory properties of a Lactobacillus casei strain.
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Bernard, E. (2012). Etude du rôle fonctionnel de l’O-acétylation et de l’amidation du peptidoglycane chez les lactobacilles. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/36796