Conception et caractérisation expérimentale d'un réacteur de gazéification pour l'Afrique de l'Ouest
(2022)
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- Abstract
- Gasification is a thermochemical conversion process of biomass. Gasification is used for heat and power generation applications. This process is promising in a West African environment where energy needs are significant and where biomass potential is considerable. The aim of this study is the valorization by gasification of agricultural residues especially rice husk. It resulted to a design and a manufacture of a gasification reactor suitable for small-scale industrial units in the agricultural processing sector. This study is divided into several stages, namely a design methodology of the prototype, an equilibrium modelling of the gas composition, a simulation of the process heat losses and an experimental study of the prototype. Several parameters have been studied experimentally, namely the equivalence ratio, the air injection levels as well as the fuel supply mode. The produced gas was analyzed in order to determine the operating conditions to obtain the best yield of gasification. The best experimental results were carried out at an equivalence ratio of 0.32 for a thermal power of 50 kWth[LHV] and a global efficiency of 46 %. The composition of the produced gas is 14.62 % of CO, 12.89 % of CO2, 2.89 % of CH4 and 6.84 % of H2. These results with a relatively low yield are explained by the low process temperatures and a cold reduction zone. In fact, the heat losses estimated at 8 % of the energy balance of the exiting entities of the reactor, but they are probably higher. Some operational difficulties such as the homogenization of the bed during gasification lead to the formation of bypass where the pyrolysis gases are entrained towards the outlet. This also explains the proportions of the gas obtained with low CO and H2 contents. The experimental campaign carried out on the gasifier allows to issue perspectives to improve yields for future work.
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Citations
Zoungrana, L. (2022). Conception et caractérisation expérimentale d’un réacteur de gazéification pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/103126