Light and transmission electron microscopy were used to describe the leaf cavity pore of Azolla. The morphological analysis of the pore revealed that it remains open during leaf development as well as in mature leaves. As it seems that there is no obstruction of the pore by any mucilage, gas exchanges between the atmosphere and the inner gaseous compartment of the leaf cavity are likely to occur. The pore, which is cone-shaped and protrudes into the leaf cavity, is limited by two epidermal cell layers. The cells lining the inside of the pore become teat-shaped during pore morphogenesis. Ultrastructural study of these cells showed the presence of a large number of organelles, paramural bodies and 'wart-like' projections at their cell wall surface, suggesting a secretory role. Cytochemical stains showed that these projections are made up of pectin, callose and protein. The role of the pore as well as the possible functions of the teat-cells and their projections are discussed.
Veys, P., Waterkeyn, L., Lejeune, A., & Van Hove, C. (1999). The pore of the leaf cavity of Azolla: Morphology, cytochemistry and possible functions. Symbiosis, 27(1), 33-57. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/66655 (Original work published 1999)