The Bologna Process was launched in 1999. Its main aim has been to create a European Higher Education Area (EHEA) based on international cooperation and academic exchange that is attractive to European and non-European students and staff. This article focuses on one key element that has been neglected in the Bologna Process: the financing of higher education when students and graduates, i.e. (potential) tax-payers, are mobile. More precisely, it deals with the central issue of who will pay for the education of mobile students. This, in turn, raises the questions of: What share of higher education costs should be publicly (viz. privately) financed and which jurisdiction(s) should be taken into account in the financing process?
Gérard, M., & Uebelmesser, S. (2013). Globalization and Access to Higher Education, Policy Implications. DICE Report, 2013(2), 3-10. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/197333 (Original work published 2013)