Conjugated linolenic acids of plant origin : bioconversion in laying hens, enrichment of egg yolk and impact of their consumption on human health
(2021)
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- Authors
- Supervisors
- Larondelle, Yvan
- Abstract
- Omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play an important role in the development and maintenance of different organs, mainly the brain, and could be useful in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. Beside them, rumenic acid (RmA), an omega-7 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and its conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) precursors, α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA) and punicic acid (PunA), are suspected of having a large set of biological activities such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Humans cannot or insufficiently synthesize these fatty acids that must be supplied through the diet. In this regard, the development of a widely consumed food enriched in ALA, DHA, RmA and related CLnA may be a solution to provide the human diet with these health-promoting fatty acids. Hen’s egg holds a special place as a cheap and well-balanced source of high-quality amino acids and essential fatty acids, as well as several minerals and vitamins. In addition, its multifunctional attributes make it an ingredient in many food formulations. In the present work, we improved the fatty acid profile of eggs through an improvement of hens’ diet. We fed laying hens with a flaxseed-rich feed, combined with a CLnA-rich seed oil, either from Ricinodendron heudelotii or Punica granatum. The consumption of two eggs enriched with omega-3 fatty acids, CLA and CLnA per day for three months reduced abdominal obesity in people at risk of developing metabolic syndrome. These eggs are thus proposed as functional foods to be incorporated in a healthy and balanced diet for disease prevention.
- Affiliations
Citations
Ngo Njembe, M. T. (2021). Conjugated linolenic acids of plant origin : bioconversion in laying hens, enrichment of egg yolk and impact of their consumption on human health. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/107250