Immigrant children face significant disparities in terms of their survival. To investigate the role of parental origin in explaining these disparities, we used the large French socio-demographic panel, with a sample of 687,535 births from 1990 to 2020, on which a propensity score method and longitudinal approaches were applied. Our findings reveal that even after accounting for confounding factors by balancing socio-demographic variables, disparities in under-5 mortality persist based on the mother’s origin. Specifically, notable differences in mortality were observed among three immigrant groups: women born in Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, and the group including America, Oceania, and others. Our results show no protective effect of mixed parenting on under-5 mortality. Additionally, we identified that a higher proportion of immigrant children born in the municipality has an adverse effect on child survival for native-born and some immigrant. Moreover, our study confirmed the influence of paternal support on child survival.