A distance bounding protocol enables one entity to determine an upper bound on the physical distance to the other entity as well as to authenticate the other entity. It measures the round-trip time of exchanged messages that normally consist of n rounds of a single-bit challenge and a single-bit response. Let FAR M and FAR D be the false acceptance rate against mafia fraud attack and distance fraud attack, respectively.
Kim, C. H. (2011). Security analysis of YKHL distance bounding protocol with adjustable false acceptance rate. IEEE Communications Letters, 1-3. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/36270 (Original work published 2011)