BK and JC polyomavirus co-infection resulting in polyomavirus nephropathy and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy at the same time, a case report.

Briol, Sébastien;Labriola, Laura;Devresse, Arnaud;Kabamba-Mukadi, Benoît;Belkhir, Leïla;et.al.
(2026) The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases — Vol. 30, n° 1, p. 104607 (2026)

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John Cunningham Virus (JCV) and BK Virus (BKV) are the most extensively studied Human Polyomaviruses (HPyVs), primarily associated with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) and BKV Nephropathy (BKVN), respectively. While co-infection with these viruses has been documented in the same disease, simultaneous manifestation in distinct pathologies has not been previously reported. We present the first documented case of concurrent PML and Polyomavirus Nephropathy (PVN) due to reactivation of two different HPyVs, offering new insights into the clinical spectrum of HPyV-related diseases.
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Briol, S., Labriola, L., Devresse, A., Kabamba-Mukadi, B., Onofrj, V., & Belkhir, L. (2026). BK and JC polyomavirus co-infection resulting in polyomavirus nephropathy and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy at the same time, a case report. The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 30(1), 104607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2025.104607 (Original work published 2026)