Endocrine pancreas development and vascularization: preventive role of taurine in the alterations caused by proteins malnutrition during fetal and postnatal life
(2002)
Files
Boujendar.pdf
Restricted Access - Adobe PDF
- 7.1 MB
Details
- Authors
- Supervisors
- Remacle, Claude
- Abstract
- (en) The ‘thrifty phenotype’ hypothesis specifically proposed that individuals by early adaptation to a potentially adverse intra-uterine environment optimise the use of a restricted nutrient supply to ensure survival but by favouring the development of certain organs over that of others. This adaptation leads to persistent alterations in the physiology and metabolism of developing tissues. Protein under-nutrition is one of the influences that programme the body in utero and has lifelong conséquences. A spécifie limitation of protein (8% vs. 20%) in a normocaloric diet has been explored widely in prégnant animais and found to affect the offspring’s organs such as the pancréas, liver, muscle, adipose tissue, kidney and brain. A réduction in the body weight of pups born from malnourished dams was also observed. The endocrine pancréas was abnormal in that islet cell prolifération was reduced and apoptosis increased leading to a smaller islet cell size but also to a decreased pancreatic insulin content in fetuses and neonates. Furthermore, insulin like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and II), considered not only as mitogens but also as survival factors which prevent apoptosis, were both decreased in pancreatic islet cells of malnourished offspring dams. In these animais, islet blood vessel density as well as pancreatic and islet blood flow were diminished. With this low protein diet during gestation, the profile of amino acids is changed in maternai and fêtai plasma as well as in the amniotic fluid. The total essential and nonessential amino acid concentrations were not modified, while glucose and insulin levels were unchanged. Plasma taurine level was significantly reduced in dams fed low protein diet and in their fetuses. The later islets taurine content was also reduced. Therefore, in this thesis, we focused on the sensitivity of fêtai islets to taurine, which is reported as an important amino acid for fêtai and néonatal development.
- Affiliations
Citations
Boujendar, S. (2002). Endocrine pancreas development and vascularization: preventive role of taurine in the alterations caused by proteins malnutrition during fetal and postnatal life. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/97712