We analyze the anonymous communication patterns of 2.5 million customers of a Belgian mobile phone operator. Grouping customers by billing address, we build a social network of cities that consists of communications between 571 cities in Belgium. We show that inter-city communication intensity is characterized by a gravity model: the communication intensity between two cities is proportional to the product of their sizes divided by the square of their distance.
Krings, G., Calabrese, F., Ratti, C., & Blondel, V. (2009). Urban gravity: a model for inter-city telecommunication flows. Journal Of Statistical Mechanics-theory And Experiment. Published. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2009/07/L07003 (Original work published 2009)