Observation of the <math display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> Meson and Suppression of <math display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi></mrow></math> States in Pb-Pb Collisions at <math display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>5.02</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>

Benecke, Anna;Bruno, Giacomo;Bury, Florian;Caputo, Claudio;Bethani, Agni;et.al.
(2024) Physical Review Letters — Vol. 133 (2024)

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Authors
  • Benecke, AnnaUCLouvain
    Author
  • Bruno, GiacomoUCLouvain
    Author
  • Bury, FlorianUCLouvain
    Author
  • Caputo, ClaudioUCLouvain
    Author
  • David, PieterUCLouvain
    Author
  • Delaere, Christopheorcid-logoUCLouvain
    Author
  • Donertas, Izzeddin SuatUCLouvain
    Author
  • Giammanco, AndreaUCLouvain
    Author
  • Jaffel, KhawlaUCLouvain
    Author
  • Jain, SandhyaUCLouvain
    Author
  • Jain, SandhyaUCLouvain
    Author
  • Lemaitre, VincentUCLouvain
    Author
  • Mondal, KuntalUCLouvain
    Author
  • Taliercio, AngelaUCLouvain
    Author
  • Tran, Tu ThongUCLouvain
    Author
  • Vischia, PietroUCLouvain
    Author
  • Wertz, SébastienUCLouvain
    Author
  • Bethani, Agniorcid-logoUCLouvain
    Author
  • et. al.
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Abstract
The production of <math display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> and <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> mesons in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (<math display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi></math>) collisions is studied in their dimuon decay channel using the CMS detector at the LHC. The <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> meson is observed for the first time in Pb-Pb collisions, with a significance above 5 standard deviations. The ratios of yields measured in Pb-Pb and <math display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi></math> collisions are reported for both the <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> and <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> mesons, as functions of transverse momentum and Pb-Pb collision centrality. These ratios, when appropriately scaled, are significantly less than unity, indicating a suppression of <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi></math> yields in Pb-Pb collisions. This suppression increases from peripheral to central Pb-Pb collisions. Furthermore, the suppression is stronger for <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> mesons compared to <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> mesons, extending the pattern of sequential suppression of quarkonium states in nuclear collisions previously seen for the <math display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math>, <math display="inline"><mrow><mi>ψ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math>, <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math>, and <math display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> mesons.
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Benecke, A., Bruno, G., Bury, F., Caputo, C., David, P., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Jaffel, K., Jain, S., Jain, S., Lemaitre, V., Mondal, K., Taliercio, A., Tran, T. T., Vischia, P., Wertz, S., CMS, Bethani, A., & et al. (2024). Observation of the <math display=“inline”><mrow><mi mathvariant=“normal”>ϒ</mi><mo stretchy=“false”>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy=“false”>)</mo></mrow></math> Meson and Suppression of <math display=“inline”><mrow><mi mathvariant=“normal”>ϒ</mi></mrow></math> States in Pb-Pb Collisions at <math display=“inline”><mrow><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>5.02</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>. Physical Review Letters, 133. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.022302 (Original work published 2024)